Milling machine and tool.



PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903.

w. J. SMITH.

MILLING MACHINE AND TOOL.

- APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1903.

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

no MODEL.

INVENTOR \NVYNES SE3 ATTORNEYS as :0 Pnofouwa. WASHI laws. 1:. c.

- PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903.

. w.- J. SMITH.

MILLING MACHINE AND TOOL.

, APPLIGAIION FILED APR. 14, 1903. N0 MODEL. I 3 SHEETSBKEBT z.

' Fi g. 2.

I I I I I I I I I I I II II I I X ,I I If I 'I I, I43 :14 III J f: f x

ATTORNEYS PATENTED AUG. 4', 1903., W. J. SMITH. MILLING MACHINE ANDTOOL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14,-1903.

a sums-sum a N0 MODEL.

mvsmda ATTORNEYS- \N \TNESSES UNITED STAT S Patented August 4, 1903.

PAT NT OFFICE.

WILLIAM JOHN SMITH, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO WM. J. SMITHCOMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A COR- PORATION OF DELAWARE.

MILLING MACHINE AND TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 735,605, dated August 4,1903.

Application filed April 14. 1903.

To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM JOHN SMITH, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing in New Haven, in the county of New Haven, state ofConnecticut, have invented an Improved MillingMachine and Tool, of whichthe following is a specification.

The main object of this invention isto so construct a milling-machineand its tool for working on metal and other materials that such machineand tool may be employed to out slots entirely through the material withgreater accuracy and with greater speed than slottingmachines as usuallyconstructed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is .a side elevation of amilling-machine embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a rear view of thesame. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig.4. is an edge view, and Fig. 5 a top plan, of the form of tool shown inFigs. 1 and 3. Fig. 6 is an outline of the form of slot cut by the tool,Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a face view, and Fig. 8 an edge view, of a modifiedshape of milling-tool. Fig. 9 is an outline of the shape of slot out bythe tool, Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a face view, and Fig. 11 an edge View, ofanother form of milling-tool to cut a slot of the outline shown in Fig.12. Fig. 13 is a view, drawn to a smaller scale,of a modifiedconstruction of machine; and Fig. 14 is a view illustrating a specialcutting operation which can be accomplished'by this invention.

My invention is especially intended for use in metal-working, and isdesigned primarily to provide a means for quickly, accurately, andperfectly cutting slots through pieces of metal. Slotting machines asusually constructed have reciprocating cutting-tools with planer action,the metal being previously drilled through to permit the slotting-toolto finish the slot to the desired shape. This planer mode of slotting isa slow operation, and it requires considerable care and skill to finishthe walls of the slot accurately.

I have devised a milling machine and tool which can'be used for cuttingslots of various outlines or shapes accurately, quickly, andeconomically.

My invention consists in so constructing Serial No. 152,576. (No model.)

and mounting the milling-tool and imparting an oscillating movement toit that the oscillating axis of the cutter may pass entirely through themetal in which the slot is to be I a complete circle, preferably alittle more than a semicircle, and I attach it to or make it in one witha shank in the plane of the cutter. This carrying-shank projects fromWhat may be designated as the untoothed side of the cutting part of thedisk and serves to mount thecutting-tool in a cranked part of theoperating-shaft, to which I impart a rapid oscillating motion. The axisof motion of the cutting part of the tool is in line with the axis ofmotion of the oscillating operating-shaft.

The construction of the tool itself will be understood on reference toFigs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings, in which A represents thecutting-disk part toothed for about threefourths of its periphery, whileB represents the carrying-shank projecting from the fourth quarter ofthe disk and in the plane of the disk at right angles to the axisof thelatter. The shank is preferably formed in one piece of metal with thecutter, but at any rate is rigid therewith. The opposite faces of thetoothed part of the milling-disk are toothed near the edge, as is commonin rotary milling-tools. The part b of the shank adjacent to thecutting-disk part is made of less width than the diameter of thecutting-disk and of less thickness than the thickness of the disk, whilethe outer end I) of the shank may be provided with beveled edges, sothat it may be conveniently gripped in a tool-clamp C, Fig. 3. To thetool thus constructed and mounted such an oscillating motion isimparted, as indicated by full and dotted lines in Fig. 3, with thecenter of the cutter part A as the axis of oscillation; that the cutterand a part of the shank are free to pass into a slot cut by the tool inthe metal m sufficiently far to permit the axial center of the cutter topass entirely through.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, I mount the tool in a crank-arm C on a shaftor spindle D, which is indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1 as a taperingspindle mounted in a suitable bearing E in the frame X of the machine.The cutting-tool is so mounted in this crankarm that the center or axisof the toothed disk of the cutting-tool shall be in line with the axisof this shaft D, the plane of the cutting-disk lying at right angles tosaid axis. To this shaft D, I impart an oscillating movement by anysuitable means. The degree of oscillation will necessarily vary with thedepth of the slot to be cut. Thus for a relatively deep slot the degreeof oscillation will have to be less than for a relatively shallow slotin order that the shank of the tool as the slot is being cut through maynot strike the ends of the slot at the upper part. For the same reasonthe part b of the shank is reduced in width of course. As a convenientway of imparting oscillating movement to the shaft, its crank-arm, andtool I have shown, attached to the rear end of the shaft, a crank e,joined by a connecting-rod F to a crank-pin on a rotating wheel G, whichin this case is shown as a belt-pulley to which a power-belt may beapplied. As a convenient means of varying the extent of throw or degreeof oscillation I have shown in Fig. 2 the crank-pin of the wheel G aseccentrically mounted on a disk H, which itself is cocentrically mountedin the end of the wheel G, so that it may be rotarily adjusted on thewheel to different positions and clamped in its adjusted position. As aconvenient way of clamping the crank-pin disk H to the wheel G the endplate 9 of the wheel or pulley G maybe formed with an eccentric undercutopening, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the disk II may beset into this end plate from inside, the periphery of the disk H beingcorrespondingly beveled to fit into the undercut part of the plate 9, sothat on tightening the screws g, Fig. 2, by which the plate 9 is securedto the wheel G, the crank-disk H may be clamped in the position to whichit has been adjusted.

In carrying my invention into effect the machine may be so constructedas to either feed the work to the tool or the tool to the work, as iscommon in milling and other machines; but in the drawings I haveillustrated a construction in which the work-table K is adapted to betraversed to move the work up to the tool. \Vhile I do not limit myselfto any particular construction of mechanism for this purpose, I haveshown in the drawings one construction which may be used. On verticalguides at on the standard or frame of the machine is guided avertically-movable work-table K, in the upper part of which are mountedthe usual beds is, adjustable horizontally atright angles to each other,the upper bed 70 carrying a suitable clamping means M for the piece m,in which the slot is to be cut.

The feed-motion is no part of my present invention, and I do not limitmyself to any particular construction of feed-motion; but in Figs. 1 and2 I have illustrated generally a feed-motion which may be employed. Inbearings s in the lower part of the movable table there is mounted avertical feed-screw S, passing through a fixed nut S in the base X ofthe frame. Rotary motion may be imparted to this feed-screw from thepulley G through the following instrumentalities, namely: belt 16 fromthe grooved pulley 15 to the corresponding grooved pulley 17 onhorizontal shaft 18, which at the other end carries a worm 19, (shown bydotted lines in Fig. 1,) gearing into horizontal worm-wheel 20, mount-edin a box-bearing 21 on the base X and through which passes the verticalsplined spindle 22, turning in a bearing in the table K. This spindle 22carries at its upper end a bevel-pinion 23, gearing into a bevelpinion24 on a horizontal spindle 25, mounted in bearings in the table K andcarrying at its inner end a bevel-pinion 26, gearing into a bevel-pinion27 on the upper end of the feed-screw S. v

The parts marked 28, 29, 30, and 31 are parts of an automatic stop-motion, which forms no part of my present invention and which I willtherefore not attempt to describe.

A hand-wheel 35 on the outer end of the spindle 25 may be used to movethe work-table up or down by hand.

In the construction of tool shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5 the cross-sectionof the cutting edge is rectangular, so that the cutter will cut anoblong slot of the outline illustrated in Fig. 6; but the cutting edgemay be varied as to its cross-section. Thus in Figs. 7 and 8 I haveillustrated a cutter the edge of which is of rounded cross-section, sothat it will out a slot with rounded ends, as shown in Fig. 9. In Figs.10 and 11 I have shown another form of cutter, which, as will be readilyunderstood, is adapted to cut a hole of hexagonal shape, as indicated inFig. 12. In all cases the toothed edge of the cutter is on the are ofcircle preferably a little more than a semicircle, as shown in Figs. 3,7, and 10.

While for ordinary purposes and work of but limited size the oscillatingshaft having the tool-carrying crank may be at one side only of thatcrank, it may be desirable in some cases to provide a bearing for theshaft on both sides of the cutting-tool, as will be readily understoodon reference to the modi' fication shown in Fig. 13.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that by imparting arapid oscillating motion to the cutting-tool'I can cut slots in metal orother material speedily, accurately, and economically and with the wallsof the slot perfectly finished and without danger of breaking ordamaging the metal, no matter if the slot be of considerable width inrelation to the width of the metal piece to be cut.

IlO

Another advantage which my invention possesses is that it may beemployed to cut a rounding seat in the end of the slot, as will bereadily understood on reference to Fig. 14.

I claim as my invention-- 1. The herein-described milling-tool, having acutter with a toothed edge on the are of a circle and a carrying-shankrigid. with and in the plane of the cutter, at rightangles to the axisof the latter, the part of the shank adjacent to the cutter having lessthickness than the toothed cutter part.

2. The herein-described milling-tool having a disk-like cutter with atoothed edge on the arc of a circle and a shank projecting from the edgeof the cutter and rigid with and in the plane of the latter, the shankadjacent to the cutter being of less thickness than the cutter, whilethe outer end of the shank has beveled edges to be held in a toolclamp.

3. The herein-described milling-tool,consisting of a disk-like cutterwith a toothed edge on the arc of acircle and a carryingshank rigid withand in the plane of the cutter, at right angles to the axis of thelatter, the shank being of less width and of less thickness than thecutter.

4. The herein-described milling appliance, consisting of a cutter havinga toothed edge on the arc of a circle, on the axis of which it canoscillate, and a carrying-shank rigid with and in the plane of thecutter, at right angles to the axis of the latter, in combination withmeans for imparting oscillating motion to the cutter about its own axis,the cutter being free to pass into the material beyond such axis.

5. The herein-described milling appliance,

consisting of a cutter with a toothed edge on,

the arc of a circle, on the axis of which the cutter can oscillate, anda carrying-shank in the plane of the cutter at right angles to the axisof the latter, in combination with a shaft having a crank-arm to whichthe shank of the cutter is attached and means for imparting anoscillating motion to the crank-shaft.

6. The herein-described milling appliance, consisting of a cutter with atoothed edge on the arc of a circle, on the axis of which the cutter canoscillate, and a carrying-shank in the plane of the cutter at rightangles to the axis of the latter, in combination with a shaft having acrank-arm to which the shank of the cutter is attached, means forimparting an oscillating motion to the said shaft and ad justing meanswhereby the degree of oscillation maybe varied.

7. The herein-described milling appliance, comprising a cutter with atoothed edge on the arc of a circle, on the axis of which the cutter canoscillate, and a carrying-shank in the plane of the cutter at rightangles to the axis of the latter, in combination with a shaft having acrank-arm to which the shank of the cutter is attached, means forimparting an oscillating motion to the shaft, the axis of the cutterbeing in line with the axis of oscillation of the shaft.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM JOHN SMITH.

Witnesses:

HUBERT HOWSON, F. WARREN WRIGHT.

